跳到主要内容

shell

Access the system shell. Allows you to spawn child processes and manage files and URLs using their default application.

This package is also accessible with window.__TAURI__.shell when build.withGlobalTauri in tauri.conf.json is set to true.

The APIs must be added to tauri.allowlist.shell in tauri.conf.json:

{
"tauri": {
"allowlist": {
"shell": {
"all": true, // enable all shell APIs
"execute": true, // enable process spawn APIs
"sidecar": true, // enable spawning sidecars
"open": true // enable opening files/URLs using the default program
}
}
}
}

It is recommended to allowlist only the APIs you use for optimal bundle size and security.

Security

This API has a scope configuration that forces you to restrict the programs and arguments that can be used.

Restricting access to the open API

On the allowlist, open: true means that the open API can be used with any URL, as the argument is validated with the ^((mailto:\w+)|(tel:\w+)|(https?://\w+)).+ regex. You can change that regex by changing the boolean value to a string, e.g. open: ^https://github.com/.

Restricting access to the Command APIs

The shell allowlist object has a scope field that defines an array of CLIs that can be used. Each CLI is a configuration object { name: string, cmd: string, sidecar?: bool, args?: boolean | Arg[] }.

  • name: the unique identifier of the command, passed to the Command constructor. If it's a sidecar, this must be the value defined on tauri.conf.json > tauri > bundle > externalBin.
  • cmd: the program that is executed on this configuration. If it's a sidecar, this value is ignored.
  • sidecar: whether the object configures a sidecar or a system program.
  • args: the arguments that can be passed to the program. By default no arguments are allowed.
    • true means that any argument list is allowed.
    • false means that no arguments are allowed.
    • otherwise an array can be configured. Each item is either a string representing the fixed argument value or a { validator: string } that defines a regex validating the argument value.

Example scope configuration

CLI: git commit -m "the commit message"

Configuration:

{
"scope": [
{
"name": "run-git-commit",
"cmd": "git",
"args": ["commit", "-m", { "validator": "\\S+" }]
}
]
}

Usage:

import { Command } from '@tauri-apps/api/shell'
new Command('run-git-commit', ['commit', '-m', 'the commit message'])

Trying to execute any API with a program not configured on the scope results in a promise rejection due to denied access.

Classes

Child

Since: 1.1.0

Constructors

constructor

new Child(pid: number): Child

Parameters

NameType
pidnumber

Defined in: shell.ts:325

Properties

pid

pid: number

The child process pid.

Defined in: shell.ts:323

Methods

kill

kill(): Promise<void>

Kills the child process.

Returns: Promise<void>

A promise indicating the success or failure of the operation.

write

write(data: string | Uint8Array): Promise<void>

Writes data to the stdin.

Example

import { Command } from '@tauri-apps/api/shell';
const command = new Command('node');
const child = await command.spawn();
await child.write('message');
await child.write([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
datastring | Uint8ArrayThe message to write, either a string or a byte array.

Returns: Promise<void>

A promise indicating the success or failure of the operation.

Command

The entry point for spawning child processes. It emits the close and error events.

Example

import { Command } from '@tauri-apps/api/shell';
const command = new Command('node');
command.on('close', data => {
console.log(`command finished with code ${data.code} and signal ${data.signal}`)
});
command.on('error', error => console.error(`command error: "${error}"`));
command.stdout.on('data', line => console.log(`command stdout: "${line}"`));
command.stderr.on('data', line => console.log(`command stderr: "${line}"`));

const child = await command.spawn();
console.log('pid:', child.pid);

Since: 1.1.0

Hierarchy

Constructors

constructor

new Command(program: string, args?: string | string[], options?: SpawnOptions): Command

Creates a new Command instance.

Parameters

NameTypeDefault valueDescription
programstringundefinedThe program name to execute.
It must be configured on tauri.conf.json > tauri > allowlist > shell > scope.
argsstring | string[][]Program arguments.
options?SpawnOptionsundefinedSpawn options.

Overrides: EventEmitter.constructor

Defined in: shell.ts:413

Properties

stderr

Readonly stderr: EventEmitter<"data">

Event emitter for the stderr. Emits the data event.

Defined in: shell.ts:403

stdout

Readonly stdout: EventEmitter<"data">

Event emitter for the stdout. Emits the data event.

Defined in: shell.ts:401

Methods

addListener

addListener(eventName: "error" | "close", listener: fn): Command

Alias for emitter.on(eventName, listener).

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventName"error" | "close"
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: Command

execute

execute(): Promise<ChildProcess>

Executes the command as a child process, waiting for it to finish and collecting all of its output.

Example

import { Command } from '@tauri-apps/api/shell';
const output = await new Command('echo', 'message').execute();
assert(output.code === 0);
assert(output.signal === null);
assert(output.stdout === 'message');
assert(output.stderr === '');

Returns: Promise<ChildProcess>

A promise resolving to the child process output.

listenerCount

listenerCount(eventName: "error" | "close"): number

Returns the number of listeners listening to the event named eventName.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventName"error" | "close"

Returns: number

off

off(eventName: "error" | "close", listener: fn): Command

Removes the all specified listener from the listener array for the event eventName Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventName"error" | "close"
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: Command

on

on(eventName: "error" | "close", listener: fn): Command

Adds the listener function to the end of the listeners array for the event named eventName. No checks are made to see if the listener has already been added. Multiple calls passing the same combination of eventNameand listener will result in the listener being added, and called, multiple times.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.0.0

Parameters

NameType
eventName"error" | "close"
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: Command

once

once(eventName: "error" | "close", listener: fn): Command

Adds a one-timelistener function for the event named eventName. The next time eventName is triggered, this listener is removed and then invoked.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventName"error" | "close"
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: Command

prependListener

prependListener(eventName: "error" | "close", listener: fn): Command

Adds the listener function to the beginning of the listeners array for the event named eventName. No checks are made to see if the listener has already been added. Multiple calls passing the same combination of eventNameand listener will result in the listener being added, and called, multiple times.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventName"error" | "close"
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: Command

prependOnceListener

prependOnceListener(eventName: "error" | "close", listener: fn): Command

Adds a one-timelistener function for the event named eventName to thebeginning of the listeners array. The next time eventName is triggered, this listener is removed, and then invoked.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventName"error" | "close"
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: Command

removeAllListeners

removeAllListeners(event?: "error" | "close"): Command

Removes all listeners, or those of the specified eventName.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
event?"error" | "close"

Returns: Command

removeListener

removeListener(eventName: "error" | "close", listener: fn): Command

Alias for emitter.off(eventName, listener).

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventName"error" | "close"
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: Command

spawn

spawn(): Promise<Child>

Executes the command as a child process, returning a handle to it.

Returns: Promise<Child>

A promise resolving to the child process handle.

sidecar

Static sidecar(program: string, args?: string | string[], options?: SpawnOptions): Command

Creates a command to execute the given sidecar program.

Example

import { Command } from '@tauri-apps/api/shell';
const command = Command.sidecar('my-sidecar');
const output = await command.execute();

Parameters

NameTypeDefault valueDescription
programstringundefinedThe program to execute.
It must be configured on tauri.conf.json > tauri > allowlist > shell > scope.
argsstring | string[][]-
options?SpawnOptionsundefined-

Returns: Command

EventEmitter<E>

Since: 1.0.0

Type parameters

  • E extends string

Hierarchy

Constructors

constructor

new EventEmitter<E>(): EventEmitter<E>

Type parameters

  • E extends string

Methods

addListener

addListener(eventName: E, listener: fn): EventEmitter<E>

Alias for emitter.on(eventName, listener).

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventNameE
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: EventEmitter<E>

listenerCount

listenerCount(eventName: E): number

Returns the number of listeners listening to the event named eventName.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventNameE

Returns: number

off

off(eventName: E, listener: fn): EventEmitter<E>

Removes the all specified listener from the listener array for the event eventName Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventNameE
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: EventEmitter<E>

on

on(eventName: E, listener: fn): EventEmitter<E>

Adds the listener function to the end of the listeners array for the event named eventName. No checks are made to see if the listener has already been added. Multiple calls passing the same combination of eventNameand listener will result in the listener being added, and called, multiple times.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.0.0

Parameters

NameType
eventNameE
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: EventEmitter<E>

once

once(eventName: E, listener: fn): EventEmitter<E>

Adds a one-timelistener function for the event named eventName. The next time eventName is triggered, this listener is removed and then invoked.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventNameE
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: EventEmitter<E>

prependListener

prependListener(eventName: E, listener: fn): EventEmitter<E>

Adds the listener function to the beginning of the listeners array for the event named eventName. No checks are made to see if the listener has already been added. Multiple calls passing the same combination of eventNameand listener will result in the listener being added, and called, multiple times.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventNameE
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: EventEmitter<E>

prependOnceListener

prependOnceListener(eventName: E, listener: fn): EventEmitter<E>

Adds a one-timelistener function for the event named eventName to thebeginning of the listeners array. The next time eventName is triggered, this listener is removed, and then invoked.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventNameE
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: EventEmitter<E>

removeAllListeners

removeAllListeners(event?: E): EventEmitter<E>

Removes all listeners, or those of the specified eventName.

Returns a reference to the EventEmitter, so that calls can be chained.

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
event?E

Returns: EventEmitter<E>

removeListener

removeListener(eventName: E, listener: fn): EventEmitter<E>

Alias for emitter.off(eventName, listener).

Since: 1.1.0

Parameters

NameType
eventNameE
listener(...args: any[]) => void

Returns: EventEmitter<E>

Interfaces

ChildProcess

Since: 1.0.0

Properties

code

code: null | number

Exit code of the process. null if the process was terminated by a signal on Unix.

Defined in: shell.ts:109

signal

signal: null | number

If the process was terminated by a signal, represents that signal.

Defined in: shell.ts:111

stderr

stderr: string

The data that the process wrote to stderr.

Defined in: shell.ts:115

stdout

stdout: string

The data that the process wrote to stdout.

Defined in: shell.ts:113

SpawnOptions

Since: 1.0.0

Properties

cwd

Optional cwd: string

Current working directory.

Defined in: shell.ts:88

encoding

Optional encoding: string

Character encoding for stdout/stderr

Since: 1.1.0

Defined in: shell.ts:96

env

Optional env: Record<string, string>

Environment variables. set to null to clear the process env.

Defined in: shell.ts:90

Functions

open

open(path: string, openWith?: string): Promise<void>

Opens a path or URL with the system's default app, or the one specified with openWith.

The openWith value must be one of firefox, google chrome, chromium safari, open, start, xdg-open, gio, gnome-open, kde-open or wslview.

Example

import { open } from '@tauri-apps/api/shell';
// opens the given URL on the default browser:
await open('https://github.com/tauri-apps/tauri');
// opens the given URL using `firefox`:
await open('https://github.com/tauri-apps/tauri', 'firefox');
// opens a file using the default program:
await open('/path/to/file');

Since: 1.0.0

Parameters

NameTypeDescription
pathstringThe path or URL to open.
This value is matched against the string regex defined on tauri.conf.json > tauri > allowlist > shell > open,
which defaults to ^((mailto:\w+)\|(tel:\w+)\|(https?://\w+)).+.
openWith?stringThe app to open the file or URL with.
Defaults to the system default application for the specified path type.

Returns: Promise<void>